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A proprietary trading firm (prop firm) is a financial institution that provides traders with access to significant capital to trade assets—such as stocks, forex, or commodities—using the company's own funds rather than client money. Traders undergo a evaluation process, or challenge, to prove their skill before managing firm funds. Profit-sharing typically ranges from 50% to 95%, with the trader keeping the majority of profits.
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Proprietary trading firms (“prop firms”) allow traders to manage company capital, with popular types classified by evaluation methods and asset focus, such as one-step or two-step challenges, instant funding, and specialized,,futures-focused, or crypto-focused accounts. Top providers offer 80-100% profit splits, with key options including FTMO, FundedNext, Apex Trader Funding, and Topstep.
Main Types of Prop Firms & Structures:
- Evaluation (Challenge) Firms: Require passing a 1-step or 2-step evaluation to prove skill.
- Instant Funding Firms: Allow immediate access to capital without an evaluation phase.
- One-Phase (Fast Track): Quick evaluation to secure funding.
- Two-Phase/Three-Step: Traditional, more stringent evaluation processes.
- Futures Prop Firms: Specifically designed for trading CME futures (e.g., Apex, Topstep).
- Forex/CFD Prop Firms: Focus on currency pairs, indices, and commodities (e.g., FTMO, The5ers).
- HFT (High-Frequency Trading) Allowed: Firms that permit high-frequency trading strategies.
Key Features and Variations:
- Drawdown Types: Balance-based, equity-based, static, and trailing drawdowns.
- Profit Splits: Ranges from 70% up to 100% of generated profits.
- Time Limits: Many firms, such as FundedNext and Goat Funded Trader, are moving toward no time limit constraints.
- Scaling Plans: Opportunities to increase capital base upon reaching profit targets.
Examples of popular firms include FTMO, E8 Markets, FundingPips, DNA Funded, and FunderPro.